Machinery for riving and dressing shingles



E. R. MORRISON, OF ANGELICA, NEW YORK.

MACHINERY FOR RIVING AND DRESSING SHINGLES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 6,725, dated September 18, 1849.

T0 all whom @'25 may concern Be it known that I, ENooH R. MORRISON, of Angelica, in the county of Allegany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingle- Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l is a face view of my machine. Fig. 2 is a back view of the same. F ig. 3y is a face view of the block against which the shingle is supported, while being shaved, and in a recess of which it is jointed. Fig. 4 is a view of the bottom of this block. Fig. 5 a view of the movable forked stop for holding the shingle during the shaving, and Figs. 6 and 7 sections of the revolving wheel projected on a plane surface showing the various grooves.

The nature of my invention consists in the application of a single revolving wheel furnished with knives by which the shingle is riven and shaved, to a stationary block or case in which it is shaved and jointed; the various operations performed by the revolution of the wheel, being first riving the bolt, second shaving and tapering the face of the shingle, and third jointing its edges.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The bolt is pressed in a groove in the front face of a revolving wheel, and receives the blow of a riving knife; this knife cuts off a slab of equal thickness throughout its whole extent, leaving the face of the bolt smooth and even to form one of the faces of t-he succeeding shingle. The slab passes through the wheel and is received in va recess formed by a groove in the hind face of the wheel, and the face of a stationary block behind the wheel. The face of this block is so inclined with respect to the face of the wheel that the space between the two shall be exactly of the same tapering shape as the shingle intended to be made. In this position the further progress of the slab is prevented by its end coming in contact with a movable stop projecting through the stationary block. As the wheel continues to revolve, the slab is pressed firmly against the inclined face of t-he stationary block by a spring on the wheel; the shaving knife follows, and acting on the face of the slab nearest the wheel, shaves off all that portion which by the position of the slab on the inclined face of the block projects within the the liberated shaved slab is pushed forward by a pin following the shaving knife until by the action of a spring on the face of the wheel between this knife and the pin it is forced into a deep recess in the stationary block'at the extremity of which the jointing knives are situated. In this recess it remains stationary until the stock of the upper jointing knife which has been raised by a cam attached to the face of the wheel is allowed to descend upon the upper edge of the shaved slab, when a second pin attached to the face of the wheel coming in contact with the end of the shingle Ypropels it between the jointing knives and expels it a finished shingle, from the machine.

In the drawing A is a strong frame to which the other portions of the machine are attached.

B is the revolving wheel, in the opposite faces of which are sunk various annular grooves o-r recesses, and to which are attached the riving and shaving knives. The recess a in the front face of the wheel is of sufficient width to admit the widest bolt on which the machine is to act, and of suiicient depth to receive the heaviest shingle required to be made. To the front face is attached the riving knife C extending across the recess a, and having its outer face and cutting edge fiush with the face of the wheel B. In the frame of the machine a recess b is cut corresponding with the groove or recess a of the wheel to receive the lower end of the bolt. At the edge of this recess farthest from the axis of the wheel a support D is secured to the frame A, against which the bolt is held and by which it is supported in a proper posit-ion to receive the blow of the riving knife.

The floor of the recess on which the lower end of the bolt rests is armed with teeth to prevent the bolt from slipping during the action of the knife, and with a spring to raise the bolt from the teeth after the riving of each shingle to allow of its surface being again pressed against the revolving wheel. To the back of the wheel is secured the shaving knife E having the same general form as an ordinary plane iron, its cutting edge being flush with the face of the whee This knife follows the riving knife, and is at a suflicient distance from it to allow the riven slab to pass through the wheel and be caught by the stop Gr before the shaving commences. Behind the Wheel the annular block F is secured to the frame A. The face of this block is not parallel with that of the wheel. At c Where the slab enters between the two it is as far from the face of the wheel, and consequent-ly from the cutting edge of the shaving knife as the thickness of the butt of the shingle intended to be made, thence in the direction of the arrow its face gradually approaches that of the wheel, until at the stop G it is only as far from it as the intended thickness of the point of the shingle. (The slab is pressed against the inclined face of the block F by a spring Z attached to the wheel and preceding the shaving knife. To prevent the shingle from moving with the wheel a movable stop G is let into the block F and extends across the recess. This stop is pressed toward the face of the wheel by a spring e, to its opposite edges pins f are attached passing through the sides of the block; these pins serve as axes to the two friction wheels g, g', which prevent the stop from coming in contact with the revolving wheel and serve to move the stop from the wheel to allow the shaved shingle to pass on to the jointing knives; these wheels run on the face of the wheel from h to 7L in the direction of the wheels motion indicated by the arrow, thus keeping the stop at a sufficient distance from the face of the wheel to allow the shaved shingle to pass it. From t to h they are received in the grooves z',.whose profile is given at Fig. 7, and thus allow the stop to be pressed by the spring c into the groove H in the face of the wheel to catch the end of the slab, and prevent it from being carried forward during the shaving. A curb I is attached to the outer circumference of the block, to prevent the shingle from falling through between it and the wheel and this. curb is received in a groove y', sunk in the face of the wheel. A recess K is sunk in the wheel, immediately after the shaving knife, in this the shaved slab is received after its liberation by the withdrawal of the stop. A pin 7c inserted in the wheel at the after end of this recess, striking the butt of the liberated shaved slab, pushes it forward until by the action of the spring Z in the recess K it is received into the recess L of the block in which are the jointing knives; this recess is so deep that it will receive the shaved slab and allow the pin (7c) to pass over its surface. At the extremity of the recess are the jointing knives m, m. The lower one m is fixed, the upper one m, is attached to a sliding stock M which can be weighted or pressed down by a spring. The knife m proj ects below the stock a distance equal to the required thickness of the shaving to be removed from the edge of the slab; the lower end of the stock behind the knife m rests .upon the edge of the slab to gage the depth of the shaving andthe width of the shingle, the upper knife is raised to allow the shaved slab to be introduced between the knives by the spiral cam N, attached to the wheel, and acting on the under side of a friction wheel n, attached to the upper extremity of the sliding stock. A pin 0 is attached to the wheel B and follows the shaving knife. "Ihis pin projects suiiciently beyond the face of the wheel to strike the butt of the shingle in the jointing recess, and propel it between the. jointing knives, and thence out of the machine.

In the manufacture of shingles by power the riving, shaving, and jointing are per-` formed by separate machines, some of which are arranged to perform the first two operations, the last being effected in a separate machine, and rothers are made to perform the shaving and jointing while the separationof the shingle from the bolt is effected in a distinct machine; and hence it is evident that both a loss of time must ensue, and a second handling be required to feed the second machine, whereas if a bolt be presented to my machine, the several operations of riving shaving, and j ointing follow each other without interruption until the shingle is delivered from the machine in a finished state.

shingle made by mymachine must closely resemble the best made by hand, the place of the hand riving aX is supplied by my riving knife, and the shaving and jointing knives perform their office in the same .manner as the hand draw knife.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is* Effecting the several operations of riving the bolt and shaving and jointing shingles by a single revolving wheel, (B) made and arranged substantially in the manner herein described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

ENOCH It. MORRISON.

Witnesses E. S. RENWICK, P. H. WATSON.

It willv also be perceived that a v 

